Questionnaire Validity and Reliability: A Review with Practical Guidelines

Dalowar Hossan; Bert Wolfs; Noor -E-Medina Suraiya Jesmin; Milos Petkovic

Dalowar Hossan SBS Swiss Business School, Kloten-Zurich, Switzerland http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3139-5880
Bert Wolfs SBS Swiss Business School, Kloten-Zurich, Switzerland http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8606-7182
Noor -E-Medina Suraiya Jesmin Department of Law and Human Right, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4872-9322
Milos Petkovic SBS Swiss Business School, Kloten-Zurich, Switzerland http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1989-0504

Abstract

When it comes to producing meaningful and trustworthy research, ensuring validity and reliability is absolutely essential, no matter which methodology is used. This article brings together practical advice on how to design and assess questionnaires effectively for both quantitative and qualitative studies. It highlights the value of relying on well-established scales with proven reliability, running pilot tests to perfect the instruments, and consulting subject-matter experts to make sure the questions truly reflect the concepts being measured. In quantitative research, it is especially important to check internal consistency and apply statistical techniques to test how well the scales perform, aiming for results that are both solid and broadly applicable. On the qualitative side, being transparent about the research process and staying reflective as a researcher are key to building trust and reducing bias. The article also encourages blending methods when appropriate, as this can provide richer data and help confirm findings through triangulation. Ultimately, a thoughtfully designed questionnaire, tested and validated properly, can significantly improve the strength, credibility, and overall value of research across various fields.

Research Paper

Keywords: Questionnaire Validity, Questionnaire Reliability, Quantitative Study, Qualitative Study

Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Hossan, D., Wolfs, B., Suraiya, N.E.J., & Petkovic, M. (2025). Questionnaire Validity and Reliability: A Review with Practical Guidelines. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 13(1), 135–186.